Branching out...

Though this blog was originally created to document my henna research and journey in the SCA, I have decided to add my research and projects in Persian studies as well. Along with research henna in the medieval period, I am working to develop my persona and garb from Safavid Iran.

While I have been working on creating garb appropriate to the period for several years, I feel I am just now really getting into the "good stuff"... creating a full outfit, using more appropriate fabrics, and adding the accessories such as head wear, jewelry, and footwear.

My next two projects will be dealing with head wear, specifically braid casings a veils, and creating a prototype of a period pouch.

More info and pictures to come...

A&S Project: A Comparison of Modern and Historical Henna Application Techniques

Here is the link to my A&S project from 2012. This was the first project I had ever entered in a regional competition. My goal was to qualify for Kingdom A&S (receiving a 1st or 2nd at regional). I received a 2nd place at regional, and a 1st at the Middle Kingdom A&S faire! Not too shabby for my first try...

A&S 2012

More class notes...

Now that I have figured out how to use Google Drive, I am adding more of my class notes.
This link will open my notes on henna in 16c Safavid Persia. It is a large file with a lot of color pics, so please be patient opening it!

Henna in 16c Persia

The second link is a short handout from my mixology class.  It contains much of the same info from the intro class.
 

Henna 102 -Mixology

Notes from my SCA henna classes...

As one of my reasons for having this blog is to post my henna documentation and class notes, I suppose I should start doing just that! :) These notes are from my Intro to Henna class that I have taught at many events over the past 5+ years, including 3 years at Pennsic.

An Introduction to Henna

THL Anabel de Berchelai  info@gildedlotushenna.com

Henna in SCA Period: A brief history

Henna is one of the oldest known and widely used cosmetics of all time. Archeologists have found henna on the hair and nails of Egyptian mummies, dating it’s use as far back as 3000 BCE The use of henna was popularized in Saudi Arabia around 632 CE  by the prophet Mohammed who used it to color his hair and beard. Henna traveled from Egypt to India, North Africa, South East Asia, and the Middle East, and it’s use was common all around the Mediterranean in medieval times. It’s use and practices can be seen in paintings, illuminated manuscripts, and miniatures from India, Persia, and Turkey, as far back as the 11th century.

What is henna? How does it work?

Henna is a Persian word, which describes a small flowering shrub (Lawsonia inermis). Henna powder is made from the dried and crushed leaves of the henna plant. Henna powder, in its pure and natural form, is a bright or deep green, khaki or brown. The stain produced by natural henna ranges in color from pale orange to red, chocolate brown, black cherry and near black color. Contrary to the popular belief, pure black color is not produced by natural henna powder. Henna is never black! So called “black henna” contains para-phenlendiamine- a chemical hair dye. Applying PPD, or any other caustic chemical to skin can cause severe allergic reactions, blistering, permanent scarring and possible future health complications.

The leaves of the plant contain a dye (Lawsone), that, when mix with water or other ingredients, can stain natural fibers including wood, silk and wool, human hair, nails, and of course, skin. After the paste is applied, the dye molecules attach to the keratin in skin (or other fibers). When the paste is removed the stain oxidizes, much as some fruit turns brown when cut and exposed to air.

Mixing the paste

As henna recipes and practices were handed down generation to generation, the basic recipe has probably not changed too much since medieval times. The basic ingredients include henna powder (dried and crushed leaves of the  Lawsonia inermis plant), something acidic to release the plant’s dyes (lemons and limes were found to be used in period), and something sweet and sticky to help the paste stay on the skin (honey was the most common and readily available sweetener in the SCA time period). Essential oils that contain monoterpene alcohols are added to help bring out the dye as well as make the paste smell good!

A basic henna recipe

Ingredients:

Henna powder (Jamila brand is recommended and does not need sifting)

Lemon juice

Essential oils (Lavender, Tea Tree, Cajeput are all mild and work well)

Sugar (table sugar, sugar substitute, honey)

In a glass, ceramic or plastic bowl mix together 20grams (about ¼ cup) henna powder and ¼ cup lemon juice. Stir with plastic or wooden spoon as metal may react to the acidity in the lemon juice. The paste should be thick, about the consistency of lumpy mashed potatoes. Cover with plastic wrap (push wrap down over surface of henna so it is mostly airtight and add a second layer of wrap over the bowl). Let the paste sit in a warm area (70-80 degrees F) for 8-12 hours. Add 1-1 ½ tsp. of essential oils and about 1 ½ tsp. of sugar. Use a little less if using honey. Stir until smooth, cover again with plastic wrap and let sit again for another 8-12 hours, or until dye release. The surface of the paste will turn brown when it has achieved dye release. Stir in enough lemon juice, a drop or 2 at a time, until the consistency you would like is reached, similar to that of yogurt. Cone or bottle henna and use within 2-3 days or refrigerate up to a week or 2, freeze up to a year.

Application

Henna application has changed greatly since ancient and medieval times. Though there is minimal evidence of actual period application techniques, some period practices may have included dipping fingers, hands and feet, as well as applying henna patterns with a brush, a stick, a wire, a quill, and even by hand. While many of these practices are still in use today, henna is most commonly applied using plastic or mylar cones or jacard bottles. Use of these modern tools assures that henna designs are applied more precisely with less practice, and less mess.

Applying henna with a cone

Begin by cutting a very small opening in the tip of the cone with scissors or nail clippers. Hold the cone similar to how you would hold a pencil or paint brush. Applying light pressure on the end of the cone with your thumb, slowly squeeze out the henna paste, applying the desired design. Once the design is applied, leave the paste on as long as possible, 1-2 hours minimum, 6-8 or longer is prefered. The henna paste can be sealed with a lemon/sugar mixture, covered with medical tape, or wrapped in toilet tissue to help keep it on as long as possible. Keeping the paste warm and moist will also allow more dye to penetrate the skin. Wrapping as well as steaming the paste will help to keep it warm. Once the paste is removed, avoiding water exposure for 6-12 hours will help the stain fully develop its color. The mature stain will be revealed in 24-48 hours, and as the skin exfoliates the stain will begin to fade. Applying a beeswax based balm or vegtable oil over the design will help prolong its life, especially when swimming or bathing.

Henna Suppliers and Resources

http://gildedlotushenna.com                             My website

http://www.hennapage.com                              Complete source of henna how to, info, free patterns

http://www.hennatribe.com                              Henna related forums and information

http://www.mehandi.com                                  Henna, supplies, and henna related items

http://www.hennacaravan.com                       Henna and supplies

http://www.magicalmehendi.com                    More henna and supplies

http://www.hennadancer.com                          Henna artist & SCA member in New Britain, CT

http://www.benttreedesign.com                        Henna artist & SCA member in Athens, OH

getting started...

I have been trying to put together a blog to share my henna research and class information from the SCA for over a year now. Not being computer/website/blog savvy it has taken be a lot longer than I had hoped. Now that I have a semester break from working on my Masters degree hopefully I can make the time to work on my postings.

I began studying henna in 1997 after learning a bit about it and having my first henna design done at Pennsic. Around the same time (give or take a year or so) I started belly dancing and became interested in researching Medieval Middle Eastern culture in the SCA (Society for Creative Anachronisms).

Jumping forward to 2012 I have now been doing henna for parties, private appointments and art fares for 5 years, and have taught classes on henna at numerous events (this will be my 3rd year teaching at Pennsic!) in the SCA.

my henna project at the A&S display at Pennsic 40

Oh yeah, and earlier this year (September 2011) I received my Evergreen (grant level A&S award) for teaching and researching henna, and received a first place in my very first Kingdom level A&S competition at Middle Kingdom Crown Tourney this spring.

receiving my evergreen from TRM's EikBranbr and Runa

Well... I guess that is enough for now. Next I need to try and find out how to attach files.